Smoke-abatement nozzle



Patented Sept. 3, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT GFFlCE.

JOHN E. BJ'OBKI-IOLM, 01' MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, AND GODFREY BLYBERG, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

SMOKE-ABATEMEN '1. NOZZLE.

Application filed September 7, 1928.

Our invention relates to a smoke consuming nozzle, or smoke abatement nozzle for use in furnaces and the like; being more particularly adapted for use on locomotives.

The invention has for its object the provision of a device adapted to improve combustion in the furnace or locomotive fire-box and to consume or abate the smoke and therefore enhance the efiiciency of the furnace or locomotive. 1

Our invention also has for its object the production of a device which will be comparatively noiseless in operation so that use of the device will at all times be made when found necessary.

A further object of the invention is to produce a device which will operate economically in the use of the medium or steam employed for inducing inflow or injection of air; while at the same time providing a device which will be comparatively inexpensive in manufacture and installation without necessitating reconstruction or alteration in the general furnace or locomotive construction.

The above enumerated objects and advantages, as well as other advantages inherent in the construction will all be readily comprehended from the following detailed descripti on of the drawing, wherein:

Figure 1 is a sectional plan of a fire-box of a locomotive boiler provided with our improved device.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of our improved nozzle.

Figure 3 is a similar view taken substanti ally on the line 33 of Figure 2.

Figure 1 is a top plan view of the nozzle.

Our invention relates to a nozzle which is especially designed for the abatement of smoke and to aid combustion in the fire-box of a locomotive boiler; although it is apparent that it is equally as well adapted for use in a furnace. In the particular exemplification. our improved device is shown applied to the firebox of a locomotive boiler; the outside and inside firebox walls or sheets being shown at 10 and 11 in Figure 1, which are spaced apart to provide the water legs or space usual in such boiler construction.

The side walls of the firebox of a locomotive boiler are provided, at suitable spaced points, with what are known as combustion flues shown at 12 in Figure 1 which extend from suitable openings in the outer sheet 10 and terminate in suitable openings in the in- Serial No. 304,454.

ner sheet 11 and thus communicate with the fire-box interior adjacent to the grate-bars thereof.

The principle of improving combustion and thus abating smoke by means of injecting air in addition to that which reaches the fire-box through the grate openings, namely by means of the combustion fiues 12, has been employed for some time. This has usually been accomplished by means of a small steam jet, from an ordinary pipe nipple, inducing air to follow through the combustion fiues. Such means, however, are not only less efficient in operation but are rather crude and very noisy in operation; with the result that the arrangement has become unpopular and undesirable and consequently is not generally or religiously used by the engine crew. Hence, the construction heretofore employed is of lit-- tle value.

Our improved device, which is designed to provide greater efficiency, as well as economy in operation and to effect noiseless operation, comprises the tubular member 13 of suitable length and diameter to permit the end of the member to be inserted in the combustion flue 12 as shown in Figure 1.

The member 13 is preferably made with its outer tubular wall gradually increasing in thickness toward the base or outer end 14: thereof, in order that the bore of the member may gradually flare or increase in diameter toward the outlet or inner end of the member as shown in Figures 2 and 8.

The base or outer end 14 consists of a solid wall and is provided with a longitudinal opening at 15 therethrough which is preferably internally threaded to receive the threaded end of a steam pipe 16 which is connected by means of a suitable union or couplingto the steam piping or line 17 adapted to receive steam by means of a suitable pipe, partly shown at 18 from the steam space of the boiler. The flow of steam into piping 17 and therefore into the respective nozzles 13, is controlled by a suitable valve as for example shown at 19 in Figure 1.

The longitudinal bore or opening 15 through the solid outer end 14 of the member 13 beyond the threaded portion is preferably somewhat reduced and this reduced portion in turn provided with a flanged thimble 20 so as to provide a materially smaller passage 21 for the steam.

The side wall of the member 13 at points coincident with the solid outer end 14 is provided with a plurality of diagonally disposed holes 22, which are formed to incline upwardly toward the interior of the member and preferably terminating slightly above the wall 14;.

The interior of member 13 immediately above the wall 14: is provided with a coneshaped member 23; the member 23 being preferably a double cone, tapering toward the top and toward the bottom, with the lower apex 2d disposed in axial alignment with the passage 21 and preferably extending slightly into the upper end of the passage 21 as shown in Figures 2 and 3.

The main body portion of the cone member 23, namely above the lower cone portion 24, to wit at the point 25, is formed integral with a vertical rib or wall 26 which preferably extends to the upper or inner end of the member 13 as shown in Figure .3. This wall is also formed integral with member 18 and, as can be seen in Figure 2, its lower end 27 is located slightly above the openings 22,

which are arranged circumferentially about the member 13 in spaced relation with each other; the holes being provided for the admission of air.

' Our improved device is designed to improve combustion and thus cause an abatement of smoke and to perform this function without the usual noise attending the operation of devices as heretofore employed.

In operation, the steam enters through pipe 16 and then passes through the-reduced opening 21 with a high velocity and consequent drop in pressure so that the final pressure just above the inner orifice of passage 21 is considerably below that of the surrounding atmosphere. The air around the outer end of the member 13 enters through the various openings or ports 22 in its endeavor to satisfy the vacuum or partial vacuum set up within member 13; the air mingling with the steam issuing from passage 21; the commingled air and steam passing through the member 13 and into the fire-box through the combustion tubes 01' flues 12. The steam in leaving the inner orifice of passage 21 is divided centrally by the cone member 23, causing the steamto spread and pass inwardly through member 13 in the form of a more or less thin cylindrical sheet or film. The cone member 23, stops the vibrating action of the steam jet and as a result prevents the noise usually encountered in the operation of the ordinary or plain steam jet as heretofore employed.

Our improved device is comparatively silent in operation, with the result that use thereof is not only made when necessary, but its operation has also been found more efficient and economical in the use of steam. with the longitudinal rib or wall 26, the cone member 23 is held in a fixed position.

The structure shown is believed to be the 1,72e,eo2

simplest and best embodiment of the invention, which has been described in terms employed merely as terms of description and not as terms of limitation, as modifications in certain details may be made without, however departing from the spirit of our invention.

Vhat we claim is:

1. A smoke abatement nozzle comprising an elongated member having a transverse wall at one end provided with a longitudinal passage therethrough, the sides of the member at points coincident with said wall being provided with a plurality of circumferentially arranged radial ports terminating on the interior of the member adjacent to the inner end of said passage, and a cone-shaped member arranged centrally within said elongated member with its apex disposed in axial alignment with said passage.

2. A smoke abatement nozzle comprising a tubular member having a transverse wall at one end provided with a passage therethrough communicating with the bore of said member, ports arranged circumferentially in the sides of the member and terminating on the interior adjacent to said wall, a steam dividing member tapered toward its end with the tapered end disposed centrally of the inner orifice of said passage, and means whereby said steam dividing member is rigidly held in place.

3. A smoke abatement nozzle comprisinr a tubular member provided with an end wall, a passage through said end wall, a plurality of ports arranged circumferentially about said member with their inner ends terminating in proximity to the inner orifice of said passage, a wall disnosed transversely of the bore of said member intermediate of said ports and the opposite end of the member, and a tepered steam dividing member secured to the inner end of said last mentioned wall with the tapered end disposed centrally in the orifice of said passage.

4. A smoke abatement nozzle comprising a tubular member having a bore gradually increasing toward one end while the other end has a wall provided with a passage of smaller diameter at the inner end thereof and disposed at the axis of said member, a plurality of circumferentially arranged ports in the sides of the member coincident with the end wall, saidports inclining upwardly toward the interior of the member and terminating at their inn er ends adjacent to the upper surface of the end wall in. close proximity to the upper end of said passage, and a rigidly held cone-shaped member of smaller diameter than the bore of said tubular member arranged axially above the inner orifice of said passage with the apex of the cone-shape member disposed centrally in the orifice of said passage.

5. A. smoke abatement nozzle comprising ential roW about said passage, inclining up- 10 Wardly toward the interior of the member and terminating on the interior adjacent to the in ner orifice of said passage, and a double cone shaped member fixedly mountedcentrally in said hollow member in space relation With the sides thereof, With the apex at one end of the double cone shaped member disposed in axial alignment with the inner orifice of said passage.

JOHN E. BJORKHOLM. GODFREY BLYBERG. 

